VIP is the compound on this site with the widest gap between how it has been studied and how it is sold. It has a genuine clinical programme — nine registrations, three clinical-trial-tagged publications, hundreds of randomised patients — and every one of those studies put the peptide into a vein or a nebuliser, in an intensive care unit, in people with COVID-19 respiratory failure. The vial is sold for a syringe and a nasal spray. This page reports the registered figures, converts them out of picomoles into the units a vial is measured in, and says plainly what has and has not been studied. It reports and does not recommend.
The VIP calculator runs the concentration and unit sums for any vial and volume, and the all-compounds chart sets these figures beside every other compound's.
The registered doses, and the unit problem
The dose in the largest intravenous registration is written in picomoles per kilogram per hour. That is a perfectly ordinary way to write an infusion rate for a peptide hormone and a completely useless one for anyone holding a vial, because nothing about it can be compared with a milligram until it is converted.
VIP's molecular weight is 3326.8 (PubChem CID 53314964, read 2026-09-21), so one picomole is 3.33 nanograms, or 0.0033 micrograms. The conversion for a 70 kg adult:
| Registered rate | Picomoles an hour | Micrograms an hour | Over 12 hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50 pmol/kg/h | 3,500 | 11.6 mcg | 140 mcg |
| 100 pmol/kg/h | 7,000 | 23.3 mcg | 280 mcg |
| 150 pmol/kg/h | 10,500 | 34.9 mcg | 419 mcg |
The registration describes the three rates as escalating over the infusion rather than as three separate arms, so the total for one 12-hour infusion lies between the 140 mcg of the lowest rate held throughout and the 419 mcg of the highest; four hours at each step gives 279 mcg. The registry entry does not state the length of each step, and this page does not assume one.
Two comparisons follow, and both are the kind of thing that is invisible until the units match:
A whole intensive-care infusion is about a quarter of a milligram. A 5 mg vial contains the peptide equivalent of twelve to thirty-six such infusions; a 10 mg vial, twenty-four to seventy-two. The amounts used in the hospital setting are small, not large.
The daily figures circulating for the vial are of the same order as a whole infusion. This site's chart records vendor pages quoting 50 mcg per spray intranasally at four to eight sprays daily — 200 to 400 mcg a day — against a 12-hour infusion's roughly 280 mcg. The difference between the two is not the amount. It is the route, the setting, the monitoring and the population.
What the trials state
| Study | Subjects | Dose and route | What it reported | Opened |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NCT04311697 / Crit Care Med, PMID 36044317 (2022) | 196 analysed, critical COVID-19 respiratory failure, 10 US hospitals, randomised 2:1 | Intravenous, 50 to 150 pmol/kg/h escalating, 3 days | Primary endpoint not met: OR 1.6 (95% CI 0.86–3.11). Secondary 60-day survival OR 2.0 (1.1–3.9, p = 0.035); respiratory distress ratio and IL-6 improved by day 3 | 2026-09-21 |
| TESICO / Lancet Respir Med, PMID 37348524 (2023) | Hospitalised adults with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure, 28 US sites | Intravenous, 2 × 2 factorial against remdesivir and placebo | A randomised placebo-controlled trial of both agents in this population | 2026-09-21 |
| NCT04844580 / Med Princ Pract, PMID 39870064 (2025) | 80 hospitalised adults, 9 centres, randomised 1:1, double-blind | Inhaled | Mean time to discharge 7.8 vs 10.0 days (p = 0.049); Borg scale lower at day 7 (p = 0.033); day-28 CT lung damage improvement greater (p = 0.028); deaths 5.1% vs 12.2% | 2026-09-21 |
The registrations behind these publications are sponsored by APR Applied Pharma Research, the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, Centurion Pharma and an investigator at a Swiss hospital. Each brief summary was read on 2026-09-21; none is a self-described example record.
The vial arithmetic
One U-100 unit is a hundredth of a millilitre. The amounts in the table below are the vendor-page figures this site's chart records, because there is no registered injected figure to convert.
| Vial | Water | Concentration | 50 mcg | 100 mcg | 200 mcg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 mg | 1 mL | 5,000 mcg/mL | 1 unit | 2 units | 4 units |
| 5 mg | 2 mL | 2,500 mcg/mL | 2 units | 4 units | 8 units |
| 5 mg | 3 mL | 1,667 mcg/mL | 3 units | 6 units | 12 units |
| 10 mg | 1 mL | 10,000 mcg/mL | 0.5 units | 1 unit | 2 units |
| 10 mg | 2 mL | 5,000 mcg/mL | 1 unit | 2 units | 4 units |
| 10 mg | 3 mL | 3,333 mcg/mL | 1.5 units | 3 units | 6 units |
Half a unit and one unit are below what anyone can read reliably on a U-100 syringe, which is the arithmetic case for the larger volumes: the milligrams in the vial are unchanged by the water, so the only thing a bigger volume costs is volume, and what it buys is a number a person can see.
A reconstituted solution loaded into a metered nasal spray is governed by the same concentration. If the spray delivers 0.1 mL per actuation, then at 1,667 mcg/mL each actuation carries 167 mcg and at 5,000 mcg/mL it carries 500 mcg — so the concentration, not the bottle, decides what a spray delivers. The metered volume varies between devices and is the number the arithmetic needs.
What is not established
No approval exists. The only DailyMed record under this compound's name is a bulk active-ingredient powder filing from 2017, which is a raw-material listing and not a label; a search for aviptadil returned nothing on 2026-09-21.
More specifically, and this is the finding a reader should leave with: no registered study has given VIP subcutaneously or intranasally to a person. Nine registrations, all COVID-19, all intravenous or inhaled. The published amounts therefore say nothing about what happens when the same peptide is injected under the skin or sprayed into a nose, because the studies did not do that — and a 28-amino-acid peptide's behaviour is strongly dependent on how it enters the body.
The completed intravenous trial missed its primary endpoint; its survival result is a secondary analysis, which is weaker evidence than a primary one. The inhaled trial that reported a benefit enrolled 80 people. One registration was withdrawn before enrolling anyone and two were terminated. That is the shape of the record.
The mechanism and the evidence file are covered in Medibact's VIP guide. For a compound at the opposite end of the evidence range, the ARA-290 dosage page documents four registered trials with fixed milligram doses, and the Pinealon dosage page documents one whose only human figure is a capsule.